The domain name net generic top-level domain A generic top-level domain is one of the categories of top-level domains (TLDs) maintained by the Internet Assigned Numbers Authority (IANA) for use in the Domain Name System of the Internet (gTLD) used in the Domain Name System The Domain Name System is a hierarchical naming system for computers, services, or any resource connected to the Internet or a private network. It associates various information with domain names assigned to each of the participants. Most importantly, it translates domain names meaningful to humans into the numerical (binary) identifiers of the Internet The Internet is a global system of interconnected computer networks that use the standard Internet Protocol Suite to serve billions of users worldwide. It is a network of networks that consists of millions of private, public, academic, business, and government networks of local to global scope that are linked by a broad array of electronic and . The name is derived from network , indicating its originally intended purpose for organizations involved in networking technologies, such as Internet service providers An Internet service provider , also sometimes referred to as an Internet access provider (IAP), is a company that offers its customers access to the Internet[citation needed]. The ISP connects to its customers using a data transmission technology appropriate for delivering Internet Protocol Paradigm, such as dial-up, DSL, cable modem, wireless or and other infrastructure companies. However, restrictions were never enforced and the domain is a general purpose name space. It is still popular with network operators, and is often treated as an alternate to com .
net is one of the original top-level domains[1] com The domain name com is a generic top-level domain in the Domain Name System of the Internet. Its name is derived from commercial, indicating its original intended purpose for networks of general commercial character edu The domain name .edu is a sponsored top-level domain in the Domain Name System of the Internet. Its name is derived from education, indicating its intended use as a name space for educational institutions, primarily those in the United States. Although not officially mandated for much of the domain's existence, in practice it has been used gov The domain name .gov is a sponsored top-level domain in the Domain Name System of the Internet. The name is derived from government, indicating its restricted use by government entities in the United States. The gov domain is administered by the General Services Administration (GSA), an independent agency of the United States federal government mil The domain name .mil is the sponsored top-level domain in the Domain Name System of the Internet for the United States Department of Defense and its subsidiary or affiliated organizations. The name is derived from military. It was one of the first top-level domains, created in January 1985 org The domain name org is a generic top-level domain of the Domain Name System (DNS) used in the Internet. The name is derived from organization RFC 920 , having been created in January 1985. As of 2009, it is the fourth most popular top-level domain, after com , cn The domain name administration in People's Republic of China is done through a branch of the Ministry of Information Industry. This ministry oversees everything from telecommunications to broadcasting similar to the Federal Communications Commission in the United States. The registry is maintained by China Internet Network Information Center . The de .de is the country code top-level domain for the Federal Republic of Germany. DENIC (the Network Information Centre responsible for .de domains) does not require specific second-level domains, as it is the case with the .uk domain range for example [2]
VeriSign, the operator of net after acquiring Network Solutions Network Solutions, LLC is a technology company founded in 1979. The domain name registration business has become the most important division of the company. As of January 2009, Network Solutions managed more than 6.6 million domain names , held an operations contract that expired on June 30, 2005. ICANN The Internet Corporation for Assigned Names and Numbers is a non-profit corporation headquartered in Marina del Rey, California, United States that was created on September 18, 1998, and incorporated on September 30, 1998 to be able to oversee a number of Internet-related tasks previously performed directly on behalf of the U.S. government by , the organization responsible for domain management, sought proposals from organizations to operate the domain upon expiration of the contract. VeriSign regained the contract bid, and secured its control over the net registry for another six years.
Registrations are processed via accredited registrars and internationalized domain names An internationalized domain name is an Internet domain name that contains at least one label that is displayed in software applications, in whole or in part, in a language-specific script or alphabet, such as Chinese, Russian or the Latin alphabet-based characters with diacritics, such as French. These writing systems are encoded by computers in are also accepted.[3]
References
^ RFC 920 , Domain Requirements , J. Postel, J. Reynolds, The Internet Society (October 1984)^ "The Domain Name Industry Brief" . Verisign. September 2009. http://www.verisign.com/domain-name-services/domain-information-center/domain-name-resources/domain-name-report-sept09.pdf . ^ How Internationalized Domain Names (IDNs) Work , verisign.com
External links
Generic top-level domains A top-level domain is one of the domains at the highest level in the hierarchical Domain Name System of the Internet. The top-level domain names are installed in the root zone of the name space. For all domains in lower levels, it is the last part of the domain name, that is, the last label of a fully qualified domain name. For example, in the
Current
general A generic top-level domain is one of the categories of top-level domains (TLDs) maintained by the Internet Assigned Numbers Authority (IANA) for use in the Domain Name System of the Internet
.biz biz is a generic top-level domain in the Domain Name System of the Internet. It is intended for registration of domains to be used by businesses. The name is a phonetic spelling of the first syllable of business · .com The domain name com is a generic top-level domain in the Domain Name System of the Internet. Its name is derived from commercial, indicating its original intended purpose for networks of general commercial character · .info The domain name info is a generic top-level domain in the Domain Name System (DNS) of the Internet, The name is derived from information indicating that the domain is intended for informative Internet resources, although registration requirements do not prescribe any theme orientation · .name The domain name "name" is a generic top-level domain in the Domain Name System of the Internet. It is intended for use by individuals for representation of their personal names, nicknames, screen names, pseudonyms, or other types of identification labels · .net · .org The domain name org is a generic top-level domain of the Domain Name System (DNS) used in the Internet. The name is derived from organization · .pro The domain name pro is a generic top-level domain in the Domain Name System of the Internet. Its name is derived from professional, indicating its intended use by qualified professionals
Sponsored A sponsored top-level domain is one of the categories of top-level domains (TLDs) maintained by the Internet Assigned Numbers Authority (IANA) for use in the Domain Name System of the Internet
.aero aero is a generic top-level domain (gTLD) used in the Domain Name System of the Internet. It is the first sponsored top-level domain based on a single industrial theme. The aero domain is reserved for companies, organizations, associations, government agencies, and individuals in aviation-related fields. It was created in 2002 and is operated by · .asia .asia is a sponsored top-level domain sponsored by the DotAsia Organization, with the back-end registry operated by Afilias. It was approved by ICANN on 19 October 2006 as a sponsored TLD. It serves as a regional domain for companies, organisations, and individuals based in the region of Asia, Australia, and the Pacific · .cat .cat is a sponsored top-level domain intended to be used to highlight the Catalan language and culture. Its policy has been developed by ICANN and Fundació puntCAT. It was approved in September 2005 · .coop .coop is a sponsored top-level domain in the Domain Name System of the Internet. It is intended for the use of cooperatives, wholly owned subsidiaries, and other organizations that exist to promote or support co-operatives · .edu The domain name .edu is a sponsored top-level domain in the Domain Name System of the Internet. Its name is derived from education, indicating its intended use as a name space for educational institutions, primarily those in the United States. Although not officially mandated for much of the domain's existence, in practice it has been used · .gov The domain name .gov is a sponsored top-level domain in the Domain Name System of the Internet. The name is derived from government, indicating its restricted use by government entities in the United States. The gov domain is administered by the General Services Administration (GSA), an independent agency of the United States federal government · .int The domain name int is a sponsored top-level domain in the Domain Name System of the Internet. Its name is derived from the word international, characterizing it use for world-wide purposes · .jobs The domain name .jobs is a sponsored top-level domain in the Domain Name System of the Internet. Indicated by its name, the domain is restricted to employment-related sites · .mil The domain name .mil is the sponsored top-level domain in the Domain Name System of the Internet for the United States Department of Defense and its subsidiary or affiliated organizations. The name is derived from military. It was one of the first top-level domains, created in January 1985 · .mobi The domain name .mobi is a top-level domain in the Domain Name System of the Internet. Its name is derived from mobile, indicating its use by mobile devices for accessing Internet resources via the Mobile Web · .museum museum is a sponsored top-level domain in the Domain Name System of the Internet used exclusively by museums, museum associations, and individual members of the museum profession, as these groups are defined by the International Council of Museums (ICOM). In joint action with the J. Paul Getty Trust, ICOM established the Museum Domain Management · .tel The domain name tel is a top-level domain in the Domain Name System (DNS) of the Internet. It was approved by ICANN as a sponsored top-level domain, and is operated by Telnic. Telnic announced in December 2009 that 275,000 tel domains had been registered since General Availability on March 24th 2009 · .travel The domain name travel is a top-level domain in the Domain Name System of the Internet. Its name suggests the intended and restricted use by travel agents, airlines, bed and breakfast operators, tourism bureaus, and others in the travel industry · .xxx
Infrastructure
.arpa The domain name .arpa is a top-level domain in the Domain Name System of the Internet. It is used exclusively for technical infrastructure purposes. While the name originally was the acronym for the Advanced Research Projects Agency (ARPA), the funding organization in the United States that developed the precursor of the Internet (ARPANET), it now
Deleted/retired
.nato The domain name .nato was a top-level domain in the Domain Name System of the Internet. The domain was added in the late 1980s by InterNIC for the use of NATO, who felt that none of the then existing top-level domains adequately reflected their status as an international organization. Soon after this addition, however, the int TLD was created for
Reserved A top-level domain is one of the domains at the highest level in the hierarchical Domain Name System of the Internet. The top-level domain names are installed in the root zone of the name space. For all domains in lower levels, it is the last part of the domain name, that is, the last label of a fully qualified domain name. For example, in the
.example example is a name reserved by the Internet Engineering Task Force in RFC 2606 (June 1999) that is not intended to be installed as a top-level domain in the global Domain Name System (DNS) of the Internet · .invalid invalid is a name reserved by the Internet Engineering Task Force in RFC 2606 (June 1999) that is not intended to be installed as a top-level domain in the global Domain Name System (DNS) of the Internet · .localhost localhost is a name reserved by the Internet Engineering Task Force in RFC 2606 (June 1999) that is not intended to be installed as a top-level domain in the global Domain Name System (DNS) of the Internet · .test test is a name reserved by the Internet Engineering Task Force in RFC 2606 (June 1999) that is not intended to be installed as a top-level domain (TLD) in the global Domain Name System (DNS) of the Internet for production use
Pseudo A number of pseudo-top-level domains to be used in naming computers have been defined at various times. These "pseudo-TLDs" or "pseudomains" include .bitnet, .csnet, .exit, .i2p, .local, .onion, .oz, .freenet and .uucp. Although these pseudo-TLDs look like top-level domains, and serve the same syntactic function in creating
.bitnet .bitnet was a pseudo-domain-style suffix used in the late 1980s when identifying a hostname not connected directly to the Internet but possibly reachable through inter-network gateways. In this case, it indicated that the hostname preceding it was reachable via the BITNET network. This was one of several apparent "top-level domains" that · .csnet .csnet is a hostname suffix that was used for identifying nodes in the Computer Science Network not directly connected to the Internet but reachable through special gateway systems. It was never installed as a top-level domain in the Domain Name System, but parsed in the message routing logic of mail transport agents (MTA) · .local local is a pseudo-top-level domain used in multicast domain name service of zero configuration networking discovery protocols. It is also often used by administrators of Microsoft Windows Active Directory environments as a top-level Domain Name System (DNS) domain for an internal organizational network that is not intended to be reachable directly · .root vrsn-end-of-zone-marker-dummy-record.root is a domain name listed in the DNS root zone as a diagnostic marker, whose presence demonstrates the root zone was not truncated upon loading by a root nameserver. It could be argued it represents a top-level domain of .root, although technically no such delegation exists · .uucp .uucp was a pseudo-domain-style suffix used in the late 1980s when identifying a hostname not connected directly to the Internet but possibly reachable through inter-network gateways. In this case, it indicated that the hostname preceding it was reachable by UUCP networking. This was one of several apparent "top-level domains" that were · .onion .onion is a pseudo-top-level domain host suffix designating an anonymous hidden service reachable via the Tor network. Such addresses are not actual DNS names, and the .onion TLD is not in the Internet DNS root, but with the appropriate proxy software installed, Internet programs such as Web browsers can access sites with .onion addresses by · .exit
Country code top-level domains
Categories: Generic top-level domains | Council of European National Top Level Domain Registries members
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