A domain name registrar is an organization or commercial entity, accredited by the Internet Corporation for Assigned Names and Numbers ICANN is the Internet Corporation for Assigned Names and Numbers. Headquartered in Marina Del Rey, California, United States, ICANN is a non-profit corporation created on September 18, 1998, and incorporated on September 30, 1998 to be able to oversee a number of Internet-related tasks previously performed directly on behalf of the U.S. government (ICANN) or by a national country code top-level domain A country code top-level domain is an Internet top-level domain generally used or reserved for a country (a sovereign state or a dependent territory) (ccTLD) authority, to manage the reservation of Internet The Internet is a global system of interconnected computer networks that use the standard Internet Protocol Suite to serve billions of users worldwide. It is a network of networks that consists of millions of private, public, academic, business, and government networks of local to global scope that are linked by a broad array of electronic and domain names A domain name is an identification label that defines a realm of administrative autonomy, authority, or control on the Internet, based on the Domain Name System in accordance with the guidelines of the designated domain name registries A domain name registry, is a database of all domain names registered in a top-level domain. A registry operator, also called a Network Information Center , is the part of the Domain Name System (DNS) of the Internet that keeps the database of domain names, and generates the zone files which convert domain names to IP addresses. Each NIC is an and offer such services to the public.
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History
Domain name registrar market share, 2002-09.[citation needed]Until 1999, Network Solutions Network Solutions, LLC is a technology company founded in 1979. The domain name registration business has become the most important division of the company. As of January 2009, Network Solutions managed more than 6.6 million domain names (NSI) operated the com, net, and org registries. It was the domain name registry A domain name registry, is a database of all domain names registered in a top-level domain. A registry operator, also called a Network Information Center , is the part of the Domain Name System (DNS) of the Internet that keeps the database of domain names, and generates the zone files which convert domain names to IP addresses. Each NIC is an operator for these domains as well as the sole registrar. However, several companies had developed independent registrar services. One such company, NetNames, invented the idea of a commercial standalone domain name registration service in 1996. Thus, registrars introduced the concept of domain name sales and other associated services, effectively introducing the retail model into the industry and assigning a wholesale role to the registries. NSI assimilated this model, which ultimately led to the separation of registry and registrar functions.
In October 1998, following pressure from the growing domain name registration business and other interested parties, NSI's agreement with the United States Department of Commerce The United States Department of Commerce is the Cabinet department of the United States government concerned with promoting economic growth. It was originally created as the United States Department of Commerce and Labor on February 14, 1903. It was subsequently renamed to the Department of Commerce on March 4, 1913, and its bureaus and agencies was amended. This amendment required the creation of a shared registration system (SRS) that supported multiple registrars. This SRS officially opened on November 30, 1999 under the supervision of ICANN The Internet Corporation for Assigned Names and Numbers is a non-profit corporation headquartered in Marina del Rey, California, United States that was created on September 18, 1998, and incorporated on September 30, 1998 to be able to oversee a number of Internet-related tasks previously performed directly on behalf of the U.S. government by, though there had been several testbed registrars using the system since March 11, 1999. Since then, over 500 registrars have entered the market for domain name registration services.
Of the registrars who initially entered the market, many have continued to grow and outpace rivals. Go Daddy Go Daddy is an Internet domain registrar and web hosting company that also sells e-business related software and services. In 2010, it reached more than 40 million domain names under management. Go Daddy is currently the largest ICANN-accredited registrar in the world, and is three times the size of its closest competitor. is the largest registrar. Other successful registrars include eNom eNom, Inc. is a domain name registrar and Web hosting company that also sells other products closely tied to domain names, such as SSL certificates, e-mail services, and Website building software. As of 2007, it was the second largest in the list of domain name registrars ranked by number of domains registered. As of February 2010, it manages over, Tucows Tucows was formed in Flint, Michigan, USA in 1993. It incorporated in Pennsylvania and headquartered in Toronto, Ontario, Canada. The company is perhaps best known for its popular website directory of shareware, freeware, and demo software packages available to download. A system of mirror sites are maintained to allow the traffic to the site to and Melbourne IT Melbourne IT is an Australian Internet company listed on the Australian Securities Exchange . Formed in 1996, its primary business is domain name registration in most of the major national and global top-level domains. It also offers web and email hosting services and online marketing services. Registrars who initially led the market but later were surpassed by rivals include Network Solutions Network Solutions, LLC is a technology company founded in 1979. The domain name registration business has become the most important division of the company. As of January 2009, Network Solutions managed more than 6.6 million domain names and Dotster.[citation needed]
Designated registrar
An end-user cannot directly register a domain and manage their domain information with ICANN. A designated registrar must be chosen. Prior to 1999, the only com The domain name com is a generic top-level domain in the Domain Name System of the Internet. Its name is derived from commercial, indicating its original intended purpose for networks of general commercial character registrar was NSI, but the approval of the SRS opened up the opportunity for other companies to be designated as registrars.
Each ICANN-accredited registrar must pay a fixed fee of US$4,000 plus a variable fee. The sum of variable registrar fees is intended to total US$3.8 million.
Only the designated registrar may modify or delete information about a domain name. The competition that the SRS created enables end users to choose from many registrars offering different services at varying prices. It is not unusual for an end user to switch registrars which invokes a domain transfer process governed by specific domain name transfer policies.
When a registrar registers a .com domain name for an end-user, it must pay a maximum annual fee of US$6.86 to VeriSign VeriSign, Inc. is an American company based in Mountain View, CA that operates a diverse array of network infrastructure, including two of the Internet's thirteen root nameservers, the generic top-level domains for .com and .net. VeriSign also provides a variety of security services ranging from digital certificates, and managed PKI to two-factor, the registry operator for .com, and a US$0.20 administration fee to ICANN. Most domain registrars price their services and products to address both the annual fees and the administration fees that must be paid to ICANN. Barriers to entry into the bulk registrar industry are high for new companies without an existing customer base.[citation needed]
Many registrars also offer registration through reseller affiliates. An end-user registers either directly with a registrar, or indirectly through one or more layers of resellers. As of 2008, the cost generally ranges from a low of about $7.50 per year to about $35 per year. The maximum period of registration of a domain name is generally 10 years.
Some registrars are offering longer periods of up to one hundred years, but such offers involve the registrar renewing the registration for their customer. The one hundred year domain name registration would not be in the official registration database. Some packages of Internet services, such as web hosting, include the domain registration in the total package pricing.
Domain name transfer
A Domain name transfer is the process of changing the designated registrar of a domain name. ICANN has defined a Policy on Transfer of Registrations between Registrars[1] The usual process of a domain name transfer is:
- The end user verifies that the whois admin contact info is correct, particularly the email address; obtains the authentication code (EPP transfer code) from the old registrar, and removes any domain lock REGISTRAR-LOCK is a status code that can be set on an Internet domain name by the sponsoring registrar of the domain name. This is usually done in order to prevent unauthorized, unwanted or accidental changes to the domain name that has been placed on the registration.
- The end user contacts the new registrar with the wish to transfer the domain name to their service, and supplies the authentication code.
- The new registrar will contact the old registrar with this information.
- The old registrar will contact the end user to confirm the authenticity of this request. The end user may have to take further action with the old registrar, such as returning to the online management tools, to re-iterate their desire to proceed, in order to expedite the transfer.
- The old registrar will release authority to the new registrar.
- The new registrar will notify the end user of transfer completion. The new registrar may have automatically copied over the domain server information, and everything on the website will continue to work as before. Otherwise, the domain server information will need to be updated with the new registrar.
After this process, the new registrar becomes the domain name's designated registrar. The process may take about five days. In some cases, the old registrar may intentionally delay the transfer as long as allowable. After transfer, the domain cannot be transferred again for 60 days, except back to the previous registrar.
It is unwise to attempt to transfer a domain immediately before it expires. In some cases, a transfer can take up to 14 days, meaning that the transfer may not complete before the registration expires. This could result in loss of the domain name registration and failure of the transfer. To avoid this, end users should either transfer well before the expiration date, or renew the registration before attempting the transfer.[1]
If a domain registration expires, irrespective of the reason, it can be difficult, expensive, or impossible for the original owner to get it back. After the expiration date, the domain status often passes through several management phases, often for a period of months; usually it does not simply become generally available.[citation needed]
Transfer scams
With the introduction of SRS, many smaller registrars had to compete with each other. Some companies offered value added In economics, the difference between the sale price of a product and the cost of materials to produce it is the value added. In national accounts used in macroeconomics, it refers to the contribution of the factors of production, i.e., land, labor, and capital goods, to raising the value of a product and corresponds to the incomes received by the services or used viral marketing The buzzwords viral marketing and viral advertising refer to marketing techniques that use pre-existing social networks to produce increases in brand awareness or to achieve other marketing objectives through self-replicating viral processes, analogous to the spread of pathological and computer viruses. It can be word-of-mouth delivered or, while others, such as VeriSign VeriSign, Inc. is an American company based in Mountain View, CA that operates a diverse array of network infrastructure, including two of the Internet's thirteen root nameservers, the generic top-level domains for .com and .net. VeriSign also provides a variety of security services ranging from digital certificates, and managed PKI to two-factor and the Domain Registry of America The Domain Registry of America is an Internet domain registrar based in the Canadian province of Ontario best known for sending solicitations for business that resemble legitimate invoices attempted to trick customers to switch from their current registrar using a practice known as domain slamming Intellectual property is a very complex area and covers a vast range of diverse subjects. As a result, there are opportunities for unscrupulous individuals and organizations to take advantage of those wishing to secure protection for their IP.
Many of these transfer scams involve a notice sent in the mail, fax, or e-mail. Some scammers contacted end users by telephone (since the contact information is available through WHOIS WHOIS is a query/response protocol that is widely used for querying databases in order to determine the registrar or assignee of an Internet resource (such as a domain name, an IP address block, or an autonomous system number).[citation needed]) to obtain more information. These notices would include information publicly available from the WHOIS database to add to the look of authenticity. The text would include legalese Legal writing is a type of technical writing used by lawyers, judges, legislators and others in law to express legal analysis and legal rights and duties to confuse the end user into thinking that it is an official binding notice. Scam registrars go after domain names that are expiring soon or have recently expired. Expired domain names do not have to go through the authentication process to be transferred, as the previous registrar would have relinquished management rights of the domain name. Domain name expiry dates are readily available via WHOIS WHOIS is a query/response protocol that is widely used for querying databases in order to determine the registrar or assignee of an Internet resource (such as a domain name, an IP address block, or an autonomous system number).[citation needed].
Drop catcher
A drop catcher is a domain name registrar who offers the service of attempting to quickly register a given domain name for a customer if that name becomes available—that is, to "catch" a "dropped" name—when the domain name's registration expires, either because the registrant does not want the domain anymore or because the registrant did not renew the registration on time.
See also
- List of top ranking domain registrars This is a list as of July 2009 of the top thirty-one domain registrars ranked based on market share according to the statistics compiled by RegistrarStats. Company names used in other rankings are also shown:
- Drop registrar A drop registrar is a domain name registrar who registers expiring Internet domain names immediately after they expire and are deleted by the domain name registry. A drop registrar will typically use automated software to send up to 250 simultaneous domain name registration requests in an attempt to register the domain name first. They usually
- Domain name registry A domain name registry, is a database of all domain names registered in a top-level domain. A registry operator, also called a Network Information Center , is the part of the Domain Name System (DNS) of the Internet that keeps the database of domain names, and generates the zone files which convert domain names to IP addresses. Each NIC is an
- Independent Domain Registrars Over the years in various countries alternative domain registries have been established to allocate domains under domain hierarchies which compete with official gTLDs and ccTLDs
References
- ^ "Policy on Transfer of Registrations between Registrars". ICANN The Internet Corporation for Assigned Names and Numbers is a non-profit corporation headquartered in Marina del Rey, California, United States that was created on September 18, 1998, and incorporated on September 30, 1998 to be able to oversee a number of Internet-related tasks previously performed directly on behalf of the U.S. government by. Effective 15 March 2009. http://www.icann.org/en/transfers/policy-en.htm. Retrieved April 24, 2009.
External links
- A list of ICANN accredited registrars.
- Registrar Accreditation: Process
- Registrar Accreditation: Financial Considerations
Sources
- ICANN. "Registry Operator Maximum Price Schedule" Revised VeriSign .com Registry Agreement: Appendix G. 16 April 2001. http://www.icann.org/tlds/agreements/verisign/registry-agmt-appg-com-16apr01.htm
- Sloan, Paul. "Who's Your Go Daddy". CNNMoney.com. Dec. 19, 2006. http://money.cnn.com/2006/12/18/magazines/business2/godaddy.biz2/index.htm
- RFC 2832 – NSI Registry Registrar Protocol (RRP) Version 1.1.0
- RFC 3632 – VeriSign Registry Registrar Protocol (RRP) Version 2.0.0
Categories: Domain name system | Domain registrars
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Tue, 20 Jul 2010 16:12:29 GMT+00:00
True/Slant LT&T's regulations could not be found online, but the Libyan Arab Jamahiriya's domain name registration regulations specifically denotes that domain names ...
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for answers only gets about 30 000 visitors to its online web site Considering eHelp com is just getting started they re certainly off to a good start A little history on eHelp The great domain name used to be owned by eHelp corporation that was acquired in 2003 by Macromedia in a $65 million deal The picture above is from 2002 taken from Archive org Apparently
Andrew Allemann
Sat, 17 Jul 2010 17:14:04 GM
I've written about how various . registrars. are handling pre-registrations for .co . domain names. , which will become generally available July 20. None of the . registrars. has been explicit about how they'll decide which domains to send to the ...
Q. Hello, I registered a domain name under godaddy, but just got it hosted under bluehost. I know I have the option to transfer the registrar of the domain name from godaddy to bluehost, but is that necessary? What is the difference of who the name is registered under? Thank you!
Asked by AutoDesigner - Sun Apr 18 18:51:53 2010 - - 1 Answers - 0 Comments
A. If you transfer your name to bluehost, they will take it to their registrar and maintain the nameservers for you. If you already know the nameservers for your bluehost account, then there is no point switching unless you really feel like skimping on 10 bucks a year. I recently switched all my domains out of my hosts and onto godaddy, so I could manage them from there and be able to switch hosts if I need to anytime without having to deal with significant (and ugly) downtimes. Other than the nameserver thing, there's no difference with where you host your domain name. Remember, if you decide to move out of bluehost, they *will* (as with all hosts) give you hell moving your name out too.
Answered by Yectep - Sun Apr 18 18:57:55 2010
